Their Shadows Cut Lines Through My Face
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Show students a series of optical illusions: Use the "See also" links at the bottom ofthe page to move through the illusions and explore how each one tricks the eye.Have students study the "Bump" illusion,which illustrates how our eyes and brain use shadows and the positions of lightsources to interpret what we see. Ask students to describe which direction thelight is coming from if the they are seeing a depression or a raised figure. In the video, Farid describes how he uses shadows and lightsources to spot faked images. While watching the segment, have students recordthe kinds of clues Hany uses to recognize faked images.
When your students are donecreating their fake images, have them share the images with a group or with theentire class. Which seem most believable and why? Have students point out what,beyond just the obvious cut lines, gives away the fact that they are fake.After viewing the video, look at this collection of forgeries again. Now thatstudents know more about Farid's work, what new clues can they point outthat give away the fact that their composites are fake (e.g., shadows, light,glint in eye, perspective).
As you prepare and explore varioussetups, consider the following questions: Do the shadows point in the samedirection? (Depends on the light source or sources) Can you make them point in the same direction? (Yes,by shining the light onto both tubes from the same side) Can you make them point in very differentdirections? (Yes, by putting the light source between the standingtubes or by putting them on a surface with dips and ridges) How do the lengths of the shadows compare? (Dependson various factors, especially the angle at which the light is shining.Generally, the taller tube will have the longer shadow) Can you make them be very different in length? (Yes.Tubes set at different distances from a light shining from the side will bedifferent length.) Can you make them be thesame length? (Yes, the shadows can be the same length if the light isshining close to straight down on the tubes.)
The first and foremost strength of the fruit, as demonstrated by Moria, is that its user can manifest shadows into a physical and tangible form. A shadow follows the soul of its owner's movements, and cannot be changed from birth to death; this Devil Fruit allows the user to change that absolute rule.[2] With this power, the user can grab hold of their victim's shadow and cut it off of the victim with a pair of scissors as if it were tape.[5]
After removing a shadow from a host, they can then place it into a lifeless corpse in order to create an obedient zombie minion. The size of the shadow itself does not have to be in proportion with the corpse's own in order to revive it, as is seen when Moria reanimated Oars' colossal corpse using Luffy's significantly smaller shadow.[6] The minion that is created gains all the abilities of the shadow's owner, as well as some of their personality quirks.[7][8][9][10] The minion, however, is only as strong as the body it is composed of.[11] During the Summit War of Marineford, Moria demonstrated that the Kage Kage no Mi is especially useful in war-like conditions, where there are plenty of soldiers to steal shadows from and plenty of bodies for easy zombification.[12] The minion by itself also does not inherit any Devil Fruit powers of the original owner of the shadow.[13] However, the Kage Kage no Mi user can manipulate the minion's shadow so that its body can simulate the body changing abilities, such as those of some Paramecia Devil Fruits.[14][15]
As for the original owner of the shadow, they will enter a two day-long coma once their shadow is separated from them.[16] The Devil Fruit user can use this side-effect to their advantage in battle, as the original owner is completely defenseless until they wake up from their coma or are woken up.[17] The original owner of the shadow is forced to remain in darkness, as they will vaporize if hit by sunlight.[18] Being unable to exist in light, the original owner is also unable to cast any sort of reflection and is also unable to be photographed.[19] It is worth noting that while being exposed to daylight after having one's shadows extracted usually means instant death, victims who had their shadows extracted for some time can actually last a little more under the sun than those who have had their shadows taken very recently; during the final battle against Moria, the shadowless Straw Hat members instantly had their upper bodies obliterated while the Rolling Pirates actually lasted a little longer.[20]
The Devil Fruit user also has full control over whether or not the shadows return to their original owners; simply defeating the user, or even killing them, will not return the shadows the user has stolen. The user must willfully say that a shadow should return to its master in order for it to be fully returned.[21] However, this is contradicted by the fact that shadows can be returned to the owners by purifying[22] or destroying the zombies being animated by them.[23]
The most powerful aspect of the fruit is that the user can take the shadows they implanted into their zombie minions and place them into themselves for a power boost. This increase in power can be devastating if the user absorbs enough shadows and can ultimately cause the user to swell dramatically in size.[26]
Since the user normally relies on shadows in order to be able to do anything with their powers, by depriving them of access to shadows, including their own, an opponent can disable the fruit's functionality entirely and render them completely powerless. This was demonstrated when Moria was attacked by Donquixote Doflamingo and was somehow separated from his shadow, thus leaving him defenseless.[27]
Another weakness is that the user does not actually have to give the order for a shadow to be returned to the owner. If a zombie given a shadow from this fruit's power is fed salt, it will cause the shadow to return to its original owner,[28] due to salt being an element of the sea (salt water), which weakens Devil Fruit users.[22] The amount of salt required to extract a shadow from the zombie is proportional to said zombie's size, as Oars was immune to a salt pellet shot by Usopp,[29] but could have been purified by a large bag of salt shot into his mouth, had it not been for Moria's own shadow protecting him.[30] In particular, a fish-man, especially one who is skilled in manipulating sea water, can become a serious threat to the user.[31] A shadow will also return to its original owner if the corpse housing the shadow is completely destroyed, as when Ryuma was burned to nothing, Brook's shadow was restored.[23] On top of this, Moria cannot simply kill his victims to prevent them from trying to get their shadows back later because their shadows will disappear if they die.[32] In addition, when a shadow returns to its owner, the owner might gain memories of the zombie that their shadow was animating, such as when Lola recalled the friendship that her zombie had with Nami.
Also, the user can only fully control minions whose shadows come from owners who are relatively weaker than them. Minions with shadows that come from relatively strong owners are harder to control,[2] as demonstrated when Inuppe, who contained Sanji's shadow, fought against the other zombies to protect Nami.[8] Despite this, no matter how strong the shadow is, it will eventually forget its memories of its original owner and obey the user completely.[33] However, the minions can still retain certain mannerisms of the shadow implanted into them even after becoming fully obedient, mostly detrimental ones that can limit their usefulness, such as Lola's attempts to get married,[34] Ryuma's perverseness,[35] John's drinking,[36] Inuppe and Jigoro's constant bickering,[37] and Oars's gullibility.[38] Also, there are times when a zombie can become disobedient and even muster some of its former humanity from when it was alive, such as when Victoria Cindry could not move and was unable to follow Hogback's orders after Tony Tony Chopper's statement about humanity.[39] The minions can also be too obedient for their own good; when Hogback was tricked into ordering Inuppe and Jigoro to jump out of the building, they complied without hesitation, instantly taking them out of the battle.[40] There were also cases when a specifically given order would cause the created zombie to prioritize that order over their loyalty to Moria, as seen when Wild Zombies helped Perona defect from Thriller Bark after she instructed and told them of her plans to leave Moria.
Another notable weakness of the fruit is that the shadows that were freed by the user's powers can be used against them. After a zombie minion is purified, the shadow that is freed can be caught by anyone (since it is still temporarily in a tangible state until properly reunited with its original owner), who can place that shadow into themselves or into an ally. If the person is still conscious, they will gain the abilities of the shadow's original owner and become stronger. More than one shadow also can be placed into them, multiplying their strength by the number of shadows implanted. However, because the shadow that is implanted into a living person is not of the same soul, the shadow will only stay in their body for ten minutes. Afterwards, the shadow will return to its original owner. Also, the number of shadows that can be implanted into a person is somewhat limited by how strong the person's spirit is. If the person's spirit is weak, they will lose consciousness and the effects of the shadows will be wasted. For most regular people, two or three shadows is the limit, but strong-willed people can hold more than that and even be transformed into a much stronger form, depending on how many shadows they take in. Monkey D. Luffy, in particular, was able to hold 100 shadows in his body, transforming into the hulk known as Nightmare Luffy.[41] While Moria himself was able to contain 1,000 shadows, it caused a notable strain on him that not only slowed him down, but the shadows kept leaking out whenever he was struck, returning to their owners even without his orders.[26] Additionally, the user appears to have no way of keeping track of the shadows that they extract from their victims; when Luffy, in Nightmare mode, came out to confront Moria, the Warlord of the Sea actually thought that Luffy's new form was a result of shape-shifting powers,[42] not realizing his part that led to Luffy becoming that strong until much later.[43] 2b1af7f3a8